Compressor



J. o. MCMILLAN COMPRESSOR Filed Nov. le, 1925 2 snee'ts-sheet 2 MCMwm. @Mlm attouwg Patented Oct. 9, 1928.

UNITED ,1i-iis JAMES O. MCMILLAN, or ELDORADO,

SUPPLY COMPANY, or WICHITA,

KANSAS, ASSIGNOR T STANDARD PUMP &

KANSAS, A CORPORATION QF TEXAS.

l coirnrnnssonk i This invention relates to improvements in compressors or pumps, and-while the structure will be described particularly with ref erence to its employment as an air compressor, it must be understood that itl may be emvployed for pumping or compressing other gaseous fluids. One of the objects of the invention is to provide a machine capable of high speed with l@ isothermal efficiency. Another obj ect is to furnish awmachine having largeintake ports, relatively large volume or capacity and capable ofproducing a high vacuum. The purpose of the latter beingto cause the air .or

l5 other gas to rush in under its own inertia, thus causing a quicker andfbetter lling-of the cylinder. A further object is to provide a machine in Which the Wear o'f the moving parts is automatically takeny up, and-which parts will be inexpensive to replace when final- Yly Worn out. Another obj ect of the 'invention y' is to furnish a machine having parts Which may be thoroughly lubricated, the lubricant functioning asa sealing means. Another olo-v .25 ject is to provide a machine which will deliver clean air or other gas, as all lubricant; Water and other foreign matter is separated from i' the air or gas as it passes through the separator of the machine. A still further purpose 3o. of theinvention is to furnish a machine that `will befree from the irregularity of action f and shock .experienced with the ordinary reciprocating compressor or pump, thereby ylengthening thelife of the machine and perv mitting'the use of less power for operation.

4Another object is 'to provide a machine of ihis'character which may be built inexpensive- -ly as it is ofsi'mple construction, and furthermorevthe machine is'silent in operation. With' the foregoingobjects outlined and with other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in the novel features lhereinafter vde- `s cribedfin detail, illustrated in the accom- Apanying' drawings ,and -more particularly 4 pointed out inthe appended claims."

.Referring to the drawings:

4, Figure l is an elevation'of the machine constructed in accordance' with the present 1ne@ vention.'

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 2 2 of Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a similar View taken on line 3 3 ofy Fig. 2. 1

Application led Novfmber 19, 19245. Serial No. 70,697.

ing as an inner race ring, and the rollers being 10, the eccentric function Y confined by an outer race ring 10?. Tightly fitting on the outer ring 10a is a piston 11 which revolves with the outer ring and is made up of two halves or sections 11a and 11. Opposite faces of said'halves are grooved to provide seats for a spring ring 12. The piston is preferably. shape and the ring 10a within the same helps hold the/two halves of the piston in alignment and also packs olf the piston from the compression chamber, hereinafter rferred to. Each half of the piston, as best shown in Fig. 2, is provided with holes 14 containing coil springs 14gwhich function to push thes two halves of the piston away from each other and'out .againstthe end plates 15 of the cylinder, this arrangement being employed for packing eiiiciency and also servingto take up the wear of certain of the moving parts of the machine: Located in 'the section 11a of the piston and fixed relatively thereto, is an internal gearl7. In mesh with the internal gear l17 is a lstationary pinion 18 havingV lhalf the number of teeth as is contained in the internal gear 17. Arranged on opposite sides of the piston are oil grooves 19, and at each of substantially elliptical y end of the piston'is a packing member 20.

Each packing member may be made in two#` pieces arranged end to end so as to take up wear and each piece'is preferably of substantially semi-cylindrical shape, the more sharp- -ly curved surfacgI ofI the same fitting in the concavity of a seat 20a, which is pressed outwardly by spring means 21; From lFigs 4 to 7 inclusive, it may be seen that the spring means causes the members 20 to snugly engage the cylindrical surface of the cylindrical A chambernregardless of the position of the Referring now more particularly to Fig. 2 it`may be seen that in the upper part'thereo is an" exhaust valve seat 22 held 1n place by valve clamp and bumper23. The Hap 24 of lthe valve is held down by la vspring 25 which 'to receive water or any other suitable cooling in turn is held by the bumper 23. The bushagent. If water is used, it. enters thevmachine ing 26 arranged at the upper end of the exthrough a pipe 54 and leavesthrough a pipe haust valve openihg is `for the purpose of or outlet 55; The air or other gas pumped orv l holding the safety valve 27 shown in Figs l compressed by the machine, leaves through but omitted from Figs. 2 and Thea-ir or outlet 56, shown in Fig. 2. It will be noted other gas compressed in or pumped by the from this gure that the air must first pass machine, is' Jforced outwardly past the flap 24 through the screen 31 into the chamber 30 andl and enters a conduit 28 which extends down then again through the screen/ into the pas- 0 one side of the cylindrical vwall of thecomsageway 56a before itcan discharge through v pression Chamber and exits into a passageway the outlet 56., It is advisable to use a check 28a which in turn discharges air and lubricat valve in the outlet pipe 56 or else a stop valve, ing oil into the oil separater 29 and oil ret0 Cut off the air "from thev receiver (notA ceptacle 30. 31 indicates a screen of vmesh SllOWll) l0 llle l`,COllpleSSUl When fllllnglllefv "r wire of heavy gage extending across the hol- Chamber 30 Wllll 01l ""f low base of the machine and assisting in sep- 'O11 the end ofthe machine opposite the flyarating the air from oil or other extraneus Wlleel Pulley 16 1S a blind e-flp 5'-Wl11el1 COVeIS matter. -At the extreme lower end ofthe ElHCl pIOlSeCtS the roller bearing at this end. chamber 30, a trough or sump 32 is Iprovided When the beflllgs lOeCOme Worn, adlustment 2 to receive any water or any o ter which may reach the chamber 30 and/settle @buts agamst the lly'wheel 16' outof theoil, A' drain cock '33 is preterablyl ll? Ulllsl? be understood tllat when the, m?" arranged vat the lower portion 'of the base to ehm? 1S H1 Operatlon the Oll 0l' other' llqllld drain Outthe Wafer or other foreign matter lubricant within the receptacle or chamber'30 they foreign matmay be made by tightening the nut 58 which as` from thesump' 32 A petcock 34 is also gris under the same pressure as the air or other 1wy I' tion' Ofthepll recel); gas within the compression chamber and sepranged at the upper por I s tacle and functions as an indicator to notiiy ,aTalOl 29- Hence, PTOVlSlOn 1S made whereby the operator when the oil chamber is full, dur- @this PfeSSlll'e 1S. automatically Culi Off from lille ingthe process of filling the same. `1 A port COmPTeSSlQIl Chamber as S0011 as the Operatlqn 3f 3 5 is provided for the purpose of pouring 011 of the maehineceases, otherwise the oil Within es ini-,0 the fede tada and a hw 36 functi ns thereceptacle would continue to flow into the f -to close the gort so that'air i'ill-` not escapgat- Cylmdel' 0f the ma'cllme; and flood-the Structhis point. A hole 37 in one Wall of the chamturen The.. automatlc 011 Valve '39 Serves t0 ber 30 servesV as an outlet .for the oil and- 'prevent thls I l i' i. 35 passes the oi'l used as a lubricant,` into the con- 'From the. dlagra'ms Shown m. Flgs' 4.a" 7 10" l, .duit 38 which leads to an automatic suction lncflulvff ll may 'be Seen lillallff the Plstn operated oil valve 39. The oil passing up the- 1S lrlven m a* lokwlsefdu'etlon, lf-Wlll. tube`38 `enters the space 40,- andfwhen asuii, fn'sl" dmlml 111 through th? -Prts 52, as cient suction or vacuum is created bythe pis- ShQWD 1 11' Flgll'e 4 AS the 'PlStQn revolves;

4 0 ton 11 within the crescent-shaped space 41 of these POI'QS W 1ll be elOSed. and .Consequently 105 f y the compression Chamber, a vacuum is' also. theair taken rn at one side ofthe piston will created in the space 42 of .the v alve due to the 110W- be CQmPl'eSSel and;thff f l1`,sl7 Portionn 9fopening 43. yT his'suctiori causes the plungertlle compression operationjis illustrated in 'f or `piston 44 to move toward the compressionv Flglll'@ 5.' .the plSlOIl. mOYeS further w- 45 chamber, and as this plunger isrigd with'the' Wardtlle, 'pQSltlQn Sheri/11I 111 F1a 6, the Space 11o valve stemv 45, it pulls upon the latter, thusV @Welle Slfle Oflflle PISOD Wlll gradually 111-.v j opening thevalve and permitting the oil,.un mlllSll 700l ZeIQeJllillUSCOmPl'eSS the 31111'01 der pressure exerted in the `chambers29 and .Olfllel gee Wlllle elle Space'al" the other Slde 30', to How intevpipes- 46,'b0th of which are ,0f the piston Will gradually enlarge and clearl shown'in- Figure 1. These pipes exi ycreate a vacuum. Consequently when the pis- 11,5

" tend rom the valve 39 to ports 47 which are l10n reell .tlle POSitOn ShOWn iILFigQ'G, the. -r

located in the end .plates of the cylinder'and Vaellllmelealeil Wllleallse'il' te IUSll'lIllDl'ille open into' the internal space ofthe piston. .In Compression .chamber tough the ports 52 this space, the oil is distributed by the entrlf-' andthe air will continue to enter the vacuum f5 `in'galforce generated by the piston'. When theyv Space until 'the' pistonA has reached its-highest 120 machine ceases'operatiomthe vacuum force compression position, as shown in Fig. -ialso eea-ses and the spring 48 of'the valve 89 Viewing now Figsi 2 and 5 together, itis closes the latter. This lspring also holds a3 obvious'that when thevacuum isbemg created'.

washer 49 against the packing '5 0. An air within theco'mpression chamber, strong suc-v 5.0 vent-'51 assists in the eiiicient operation of the*` tion will be exerted through port 43 to open 125 oil valve. the automatic oil valve 39. `Obviously when I -Thev machine has two large air intake ports -the piston reaches the position fshown in Fig.

-. v,.52located in the endplates 15. The machine, v'7,the vacuum force will vbe less and conse-v that is the cylinder of the machine, is suruuentlythe spring 48 will' gradually close the v i' roundedby a jacket 53,to provide aspace 53e automatic oil valve. ff 130.

. the iy-wheel pulley 16 and driven by any i y intake ports 52 suitable source ofpower. As the shaft fre-` volves, the eccentric 9 will with it the piston 11 and holding it in position. Asvthe internal gear 17 revolves with the piston, it meshes with the stationary gear 18 and this causes the piston to turn relatively to the eccentric 9. The` purpose of these gears 1s to reduce the speed of the piston down alsorotate, taking to one-half that of the shaft, vso that when the eccentric is pointing down as'in Figure 5, it will be positioned in the center of the cylinder at the same time that the piston is also centered in the cylinder, thus p-reventing any llocking or jamming of the structure.

As the piston revolves, formed at one side of the piston while compression is taking place at the opposite side. When the piston has displaced approximate# ly'two-thirds of the crescent-shaped volume or space on the compression side and has formed a vacuum of about two-thirds of the space on the opposite or suction side, the will have just begun to open and the piston will only need to revolve about one-fifth of a revolution further until the two intake ports are entirely open. As before stated, the vacuum Ithus created will be so high thatwhen the ports are opened the air a high vacuum is Will rush in with great force and -fill the r ing glands are necessary.`

cylinder above atmospheric pressure. Both sides of the piston will be exposed to the same conditions and fresh air may circulate through the center of the piston, as no pack- IAs the air is caught on one side of the piston, as mentioned above, it is forced out at the top past the disk 24 of the exhaust valve and thence into the air passageways 28 and d 28a, and as the air may carry some water or .other extraneous, matter, such as lubricating oil, it is forced to enter the oil separator 29. By the action of contact with the walls ofthe cylinder cooled with water, the air is cooled before it enters the separator 29, and as the passageway 28 widens from top to bottom, as shown in' dotted lines in Fig. 1, itis obvious that more surface will be provided to cause the oil to cling thereto and separate from the air.

I From the separator 29, the air and oil passes through the heavy mesh screen wire 31 and the oil drops into the receptacle or l outlet 56.

chamber 30. This construction of separator and oil chamber in the base of the machine is thesimplest known by me where conservation of space is necessary in figuringr the design.

rIhe air, cooled and cleaned,

The y y"wheel pulley 16 is rovided with a weight mass 16 to counterba ance the eccentric, thus placing the machine in perfect eaves through balance. ln larger machines, two fly wheels should be employed, one at each end of the shaft.

While l have disclosed an advantageous form of the invention for thepurpose of illlustration and description, l am aware that various changes may be made in the details disclosed withoutA departing from the spirit of the invention as expressed in the claims.

to secure by Letsaid chamber and formed of a plurality of sections, each of substantially elliptical shape,

means for rotating said piston, and means for forcing the sections apart to causethe sides of the piston to bear against the ends of the cylinder.

2. In a machine of the character described, a compression cylinder, a piston arranged in said cylinder and formed of a plurality of substantially similar sections, each zsection being of substantially elliptical shape'lengthwise, means for rotating the piston, and means for forcing the sections of the .piston away from each other and towards the ends of the cylinder.

3. ln a machine of the character described, a cylinder, a shaft eccentrically mounted in thecylinder, a substantially elliptical-shaped piston operatively mounted von the shaft and consisting of a plurality of substantially elliptical-shaped sections, and spring means between the sections for. forging the latter against the ends of the cylinder. l

4. Ina machine of the .character described,

a cylinder having intake and Voutlet Orts, a

times be cut olf from the cylinder when thel piston ceases to operate. Y

5.J In a machine of the character described, a cylinder having intake and outlet ports, a piston movably mounted in the cylinder and adapted in its.. operation to firstv create a vacuum in the cylinder, then permit air to'be drawn by the vacuum force through the 1ntakeport into uthe cylinder, and to then come press said air and forcethe same through the exhaust port, an oil reservoir operatively connected to the cylinder and under the same pressure as exists in the cylinder durin the operation of the piston, 'an oil contro g valve, a conduit for feeding oilfrom the. y

reservoir through the'valve to said cylinder, a port connecting the cylinder to the valve in such manner that the vacuum force created in the cylinder is exerted on the valve to open` cant to the cylinder at all times .when the -V Ithe latter and permit oil to How throughsaid piston ceases to operate. conduit vfrom the reservoir tothe cylinder, 9. In'a machine ofthe character described, 40 and means for automatically closing the said acylinder, a basefor the cylinder, an oily o 5l. valve when'the piston ceases to operate. -chamber in the base, an air outlet communlf 6. In combination, a ,compression cylinder, 'cating with said chamber, 'an outlet for the a piston' rotatably mounted in said cylinder, cylinder, a passageway placing the last men-` intake and exhaustvports for'the cylinder, a tioned outletin communication with the oil 45 base for the cylinder of hollow,- formation chamber, a conduit for feeding oil from the .10 providing an oilgchamber, a 4conduit for chamber to the cylinder, a piston arranged feeding oil from the chamber to the cylinder,A in said cylinder and movable ina circle con- 1 said chamber being under a pressure equal to centric with the axis of the cylnder,.said pis thatexisting in the cylinder on the compreston being of substantially elliptical shape50 sion .stroke of the piston, an automatic oil lengthwise and havingparallel-sides engag- Valvearranged in the 'conduit and CVadapted ing the ends of the cylinder, a valve-in said vto be actuated by suction .force in the cylinder conduit controlled by pressure inthe conduit to permit oil to pass through the conduit, and v and adapted to automatically cut o the feed means for automatically closing the valve of lubricant to the cylinder when the piston 55 when the piston ceases to operate. ceases to-operate, and means for rotating the 2o 7. A combination as claimed in claim 6 in piston about it own axis and about the axis of -which a passageway places the exhaust port the cylinder. of the cylinder in communication with said 10. In amachine ofthe character described,

chamber, and a lubricant strainer arranged a compression cylinder having parallel ends, 60 between said passageway and said chamber. intake ports for the cylinder, arrangiedin the 8'. In a machine of the character described, `ends of the latter, an outlet'for the cylinder, a compression cylinder, a piston rotatably arranged the' periphery of the same, a mounted in said cylinder and movable in a piston rotatably mounted in said cylinder and circle concentric with the axis of the cylinmovable ina circle concentricwth the axis 65 der, said piston being of substantially elliptiof the cylinder, said piston being of Substancal shape lengthwise,A and having parallel tially elliptical shape lengthwise, and having sides engaging the ends of the cylinder, parallel'sides engaging the ends of the cylinmeans for .rotating the piston about its own der, .and means for rotating the piston about ,axis and about the axissof the cylinder, and 4its own axis and about the axis of the cylinmeans....including a valve controlled by the der.l l A pressure in the cylinder for furnishing lubri- In testimony whereof he aixes his `signa- Qcant to the cylinder to' oil seal the piston, said ture. y v v valve functioning to cut olf the feed of lubril AMES O. MCMILLAN. 

